Cmake是一个强大的多语言编译工具,其内置模块提供了强大的扩展能力。
Rust官方的构建工具是Cargo,其提供了依赖下载,上传和编译等多项功能,极大的便利了Rust项目的开发。
目前C++多数用Cmake构建,如果是Rust集成cmake构建c++动态库,可以用Cargo构建脚本集成cmake-rs构建。
如果要调用Cargo构建Rust编译的动态库,并且通过cmake作为构建工具统一调度,目前主流方案是使用Cmake内置的add_custom_target模块调用Cargo构建。
Playground
1、cargo new rust-lib —lib 创建rust 项目,并在Cargo.toml中指定类型为cdylib
[package]
name = "rust_lib"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"[dependencies][lib]
crate-type = ["cdylib"]
2、在 src/lib.rs 创建greet_from_rust动态库函数
#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn greet_from_rust() {println!("Hello, greeting!")
}
3、创建call_rust.c,内容如下
extern void greet_from_rust();int main(void) {greet_from_rust();return 0;
}
4、编写Cmake构建规则,创建CMakeLists.txt, 其内容如下
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.22)
project(call_rust)set(ARGS --target-dir ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/target)if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Release")message(STATUS "[RUST] Detected release build")set(build_profile "release")set(ARGS ${ARGS} --release)
else()message(STATUS "[RUST] Using default debug build")set(build_profile "debug")
endif()add_custom_target(cargo_build ALLCOMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E env cargo build ${ARGS}DEPENDS src/lib.rs
)add_executable(call_rust call_rust.c)
add_library(rust_lib SHARED IMPORTED)
set_property(TARGET rust_lib PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/target/${build_profile}/librust_lib.so")
target_link_libraries(call_rust PUBLIC rust_lib)总结
add_custom_target
调用Cargo将src/lib.rs
编译成动态库,为了方便将Cargo的构建目录指定在当前项目下。
add_library
和set_property
将生成的动态库绑定到rust_lib 这个target上,最后将动态库rust_lib通过
target_link_libraries
链接到call_rust二进制target上
Cmake构建配置完成,我们可以通过
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Release .
和cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug .
这两个命令切换构建选项,这也对应了Cargo构建的—release选项,然后通过
cmake —build .
构建当前项目, 输出
$ cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Release . && cmake --build . && ./call_rust
-- [RUST] Detected release build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/workspace/build-tool-examples/rust_lib
Compiling rust_lib v0.1.0 (/root/workspace/build-tool-examples/rust_lib)
Finished release profile [optimized] target(s) in 0.44s
[ 0%] Built target cargo_build
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target call_rust
[ 50%] Linking C executable call_rust
[100%] Built target call_rust
Hello, greeting!