一.通讯录功能:
1.添加一个人员
2.打印所有人员
3.删除一个人员
4.查找一个人员
5.保存文件
6.加载文件
二.产品方案:
人员存储的数据结构:链表
人员的信息:姓名,电话
文件存储的格式:name: xxx,phone: xxx业务层:业务逻辑
接口层:add,del,search,travel,打包,解包
支持层:链表的增删查,read, write
三.编码实现顺序:
定义链表、通讯录 => 定义链表插入/删除操作 支持层 => 定义接口层、业务层
四.关于文件的操作:
说明书: man 3 fopen
fopen: FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w") => 读写文件,"w"/"r"
fprintf: fprintf(fp, "name: %s,phone: %s\n", item->name, item->phone) => 使用fprintf写入缓存里
fflush: fflush(fp) => 将缓存信息加载入fp文件流指向的filename里
fgetc: int fgetc(fp) => 读入一个字符,读到文件末尾,返回EOF
feof: feof() tests the end-of-file indicator for the stream pointed to by stream, returning nonzero if it is set.
fgets: char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream) => 读入一行字符
fclose: fclose(fp) 关闭文件流
Code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>#define NAME_LENGTH 16
#define PHONE_LENGTH 32
#define BUFFER_LENGTH 128
#define MIN_TOKEN_LENGTH 5#define INFO printf//定义插入操作
//这里遇到一个小bug, 由于下面实现的时候, list传入的是一个二级指针,
//如果list->prev,由于->优先级是低于list这个*的,故应该使用小括号表示我们的优先级含义 (list)->prev
#define LIST_INSERT(item, list) do{ \item->next = list; \item->prev = NULL; \if(list != NULL) (list)->prev = item; \list = item; \
} while(0)//定义删除操作
#define LIST_REMOVE(item, list) do{ \if(item->prev != NULL) item->prev->next = item->next; \if(item->next != NULL) item->next->prev = item->prev; \if(item == list) list = (list)->next; \item->next = item->prev = NULL; \
} while(0)//定义个人信息
struct person{ char name[NAME_LENGTH];char phone[PHONE_LENGTH];struct person *prev;struct person *next;
};//定义通讯录
struct contacts{struct person *people;int count;
};//枚举定义操作数
enum {OPER_INSERT = 1,OPER_PRINT,OPER_DEL,OPER_SEARCH,OPER_SAVE,OPER_LOAD
};//定义架构接口层 //使用二级指针,进行修改操作
int person_insert(struct person **ppeople, struct person *ps) {if(ps == NULL) return -1;LIST_INSERT(ps, *ppeople);return 0;
}int person_delete(struct person **ppeople, struct person *ps) {if(ps == NULL) return -1;if(ppeople == NULL) return -2;LIST_REMOVE(ps, *ppeople);return 0;
}struct person* person_search(struct person *people, const char *name) {struct person *item = NULL;for (item = people; item != NULL; item = item->next) {if(strcmp(item->name, name) == 0)break;}return item;
}int person_travel(struct person *people) {int ct = 0;for (struct person *item = people; item != NULL; item = item->next) {// name: xxx,phone: xxxINFO("%d > name: %s,phone: %s\n", ++ct, item->name, item->phone);}return 0;
}int save_file(struct person *people, const char *filename) {//把当前所有人员写入filename里FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");for (struct person *item = people; item != NULL; item = item->next) {// 使用fprintf写入缓存里fprintf(fp, "name: %s,phone: %s\n", item->name, item->phone);// 将缓存信息加载入filename里fflush(fp); }fclose(fp);
}int parser_token(char *buffer, int length, char *name, char *phone) {//以' '和','来作为name的首尾标识符 以' '读到最后作为phone的读取策略if(length < MIN_TOKEN_LENGTH) return -2;int i = 0, j = 0, status = 0;for (i = 0; i < length && buffer[i] != ','; i ++ ) {if(buffer[i] == ' ') {status = 1;} else if(status == 1) {name[j ++] = buffer[i];}}j = 0;status = 0;for (; i < length; i ++ ) {if(buffer[i] == ' ') {status = 1;} else if(status == 1 && buffer[i] != '\n') {phone[j ++] = buffer[i];}}INFO("## File Token: %s %s\n", name, phone);return 0;
}
int load_file(struct person **ppeople, const char *filename, int *count) {//从filename文件里,加载人员信息至people这个链表里,并修改通讯录人数countFILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");if(fp == NULL) return -1;while(!feof(fp)) {char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH] = {0};fgets(buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH, fp); //读入一行int len = strlen(buffer);INFO("##length : %d\n", len);//name: xxx,phone: xxxchar name[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};char phone[PHONE_LENGTH] = {0};if(parser_token(buffer, len, name, phone) != 0) {//buffer不够MIN_TOKEN_LENGTHcontinue;} struct person* p = (struct person*)malloc(sizeof(struct person));if(p == NULL) return -2;// p->name = name, p->phone = phone;memcpy(p->name, name, NAME_LENGTH);memcpy(p->phone, phone, PHONE_LENGTH);person_insert(ppeople, p);(*count) ++;//添加成功}fclose(fp);return 0;
}
// 接口层 END// 开始实现业务层:逻辑实现
int insert_entry(struct contacts *cts) {//插入一个人员,需要用户输入name,phone,然后使用接口层的插入操作if(cts == NULL) return -1;//定义一个待插入的person成员struct person *p = (struct person*)malloc(sizeof(struct person));if(p == NULL) return -2;memset(p, 0, sizeof(struct person)); //初始化INFO("Please Input Name\n");scanf("%s", p->name);INFO("Please Input Phone\n");scanf("%s", p->phone);//int person_insert(struct person **ppeople, struct penson *ps) 插入if(person_insert(&cts->people, p) != 0) {free(p);return -3;}cts->count ++;INFO("Insert Successful!\n");return 0;
}
int print_entry(struct contacts *cts) {if(cts == NULL) return -1;INFO("现有的人数: %d\n", cts->count);person_travel(cts->people);return 0;
}
int delete_entry(struct contacts *cts) {//删除一个人员,需要用户输入name,然后先search该人员节点,然后delete该节点if(cts == NULL) return -1;INFO("Please Input Name\n");char name[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};scanf("%s", name);// struct person* person_search(struct person *people, const char *name); 查找struct person* ps = person_search(cts->people, name);if(ps == NULL) {INFO("Person don't exist\n");return -2;}// int person_delete(struct person **ppeople, struct person *ps); 删除INFO("name: %s,phone: %s\n", ps->name, ps->phone);if(person_delete(&cts->people, ps) != 0) {INFO("Delete Error\n");return -2;}free(ps);cts->count --;INFO("Delete Successful!\n");return 0;
}int search_entry(struct contacts *cts) {//查找一个人员,需要用户输入name,然后先search该人员节点,然后输出if (cts == NULL) return -1;INFO("Please Input Name : \n");char name[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};scanf("%s", name);// personstruct person *ps = person_search(cts->people, name);if (ps == NULL) {INFO("Person don't Exit\n");return -2;}INFO("name: %s,phone: %s\n", ps->name, ps->phone);return 0;
}int save_entry(struct contacts *cts) {if(cts == NULL) return -1;INFO("Please Input filename\n");char filename[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};scanf("%s", filename);save_file(cts->people, filename);return 0;
}int load_entry(struct contacts *cts) {if(cts == NULL) return -1;INFO("Please Input filename\n");char filename[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};scanf("%s", filename);load_file(&cts->people, filename, &cts->count);return 0;
}
void menu_info() {INFO("\n\n********************************************************\n");INFO("***** 1. Add Person\t\t2. Print People ********\n");INFO("***** 3. Del Person\t\t4. Search Person *******\n");INFO("***** 5. Save People\t\t6. Load People *********\n");INFO("***** Other Key for Exiting Program ********************\n");INFO("********************************************************\n\n");}int main() {struct contacts *cts = (struct contacts*)malloc(sizeof(struct contacts));if(cts == NULL) return -1;memset(cts, 0, sizeof(struct contacts));while(1) {menu_info();int op;scanf("%d", &op);switch (op) {case OPER_INSERT:insert_entry(cts);break;case OPER_PRINT:print_entry(cts);break;case OPER_DEL:delete_entry(cts);break;case OPER_SEARCH:search_entry(cts);break;case OPER_SAVE:save_entry(cts);break;case OPER_LOAD:load_entry(cts);break;default:goto exit;}}exit:free(cts);return 0;
}